The four parameters, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ϕPSII, and qP, represent the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PS II, potential activity of PS II, effective photochemical quantum yield of PS II, and coefficient of photochemical fluorescence quenching, respectively [ 48- 50].
It is worth noting here that the brightness (i.e. the product of quantum yield and extinction coefficient) of lanthanide-based luminophores is generally low compared with those of conventional fluorophores such as fluorescein.
After 15 days Cd exposure, maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII) and coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) had decreased significantly under increased Cd levels in W6nk2.
Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters including the initial fluorescence (Fo), light energy conversion efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII) and coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) were measured using a pulse-modulated fluorometer and ImagingWin software (IMAGING-PAM; Walz, Effeltrich, Germany) according to Cai et al. [ 64].
This paper presents closed-form expressions for the factor of safety and yield coefficient of slopes subjected simultaneously to seismic forces and variable groundwater conditions.
By amino acid supplements of the diluted complex medium very high concentration, productivity and yield coefficient of cephalosporin C were obtained.
Cultivation in the medium containing 20 g/L NaCl, with optimized feeding of glycerol and ammonia, resulted in a PHB content of 66.9% of cell dry weight, and the polymer productivity and substrate yield coefficient of 1.09 g/L/h and 0.25 g PHB/g glycerol, respectively [ 35].
Statistical analysis of the data showed that sucrose concentration had a large positive effect on the maximum concentration of neokestose produced, the maximum specific rate of neokestose production and the maximum yield coefficient of neokestose.
Yield coefficients of substrate and yield coefficients of product.
