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A cost-to-charge ratio for each hospital and year were derived from annual Medicare cost reports.
6 Cross sectional data on numbers of involuntary inpatients in NHS hospital and private facilities on 31 March each year were derived from the Department of Health.
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(A significant number of new drugs each year are derived from already marketed drugs).
In addition, HAQ score at the fifth year was derived from the mean of individual HAQs from visits during the fifth year.
The 1946 cohort members were administered the Present state Examination 27 at age 36, and depression in the preceding year was derived from the CATEGO algorithm.
The count of inhabitants in the district of Aurich per year was derived from the annual official publication by the county government, and averaged over the observation period.
The remaining LE at a given age, for each calendar year, was derived from the life table by dividing the total number of person-years after a given age with the number of persons alive at that age.
The assumed population size of each age group in each year was derived from census data (http://web.nso.go.th/en/census/poph/cen_poph.htm) and World Bank population estimates (http://databank.worldbank.org/).org/
Information on total income and utilization (total number of inpatients and outpatients) of the reference year was derived from the registers and checked against the monthly financial statements, in consultation with the doctor in charge of the facility and the accountant.
Survival estimates in these two years were derived from censuses of the small, closely monitored, reintroduced population, and thus were both accurate and precise.
Educational level and smoking pack-years were derived from the first NELSON questionnaire.
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