"working towards a degree" is correct and usable in written English. You can use it when referring to someone who is taking classes and/or studying to obtain a degree qualification. For example: "John has been working towards a degree in business administration for the past two years.".
Postdoctoral fellows are not considered students because they are not working towards a degree".
I enrolled in Brooklyn College and began working towards a degree in Biology Education.
Arnada attended the University of Indonesia, working towards a degree in Russian literature.
At the same college, Steve played in various groups with bass player Rick Sieber, who was working towards a degree in Library Science.
He worked towards a degree in liberal arts at the Educational Center of Asia (formerly Quezon College) in Manila.
Meanwhile, Duncan worked towards a degree in psychology and also took classes in anthropology and Chinese literature.
The problem is there aren't yet enough high-level apprenticeships (where you might work towards a degree for free, train on the job and get a salary) out there.
I love the desktop app, it’s always running on my Mac. Ludwig is the best English buddy, it answers my 100 queries per day and stays cool.
Cristina Valenza
Retail Lead Linguist @ Apple Inc.