Sentence examples for working substances from inspiring English sources

For example, ions are working substances, dynamic doping is reversible, and power consumption is low.

The hydrogels are suitable as working substances for micro-actuators because of their thermally induced volume changes.

By measuring flows of working substances and the relevant temperatures, it is possible to obtain, by subsequent analysis of temperature flows, the resulting value of the internal heat source.

The uncertainties in the values of various parameters such as environmental temperature and humidity, thermophysical properties of working substances, heat-transfer coefficients and pressure gradients, and the load on the system also influence the optimum design.

TEST offers web-based analysis tools–java applets called daemons for property evaluation of working substances, energy, entropy, and exergy analysis of generic open and closed systems, IC engines, gas and vapor power cycles, refrigeration, HVAC, combustion, chemical equilibrium, and gas dynamics.

The combined effect on the friction surface of a dynamic method of surface plastic deformation based on collision of working substances (fraction) from the surface to be treated under the influence of an ultrasonic field with simultaneous diffusion into the metal surface of the composite coating system based on the Fe-Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mn is investigated.

The same reasoning can also determine the entropy change for the working substance in the heat engine, such as a gas in a cylinder with a movable piston.

In the cycle the working substance of the engine undergoes four successive changes: expansion by heating at a constant high temperature; reversible adiabatic expansion; compression by cooling at a constant low temperature; and reversible adiabatic compression.

A general model of an irreversible Ericsson refrigeration cycle employing paramagnetic materials as the working substance is presented, in which multi-irreversibilities such as finite-rate heat transfer, regenerative loss, heat leak, efficiency of regenerator and internal irreversibility resulting from magnetic working substances are taken into account.

Barium sulphate is used as the working substance precipitated by mixing aqueous BaCl2 and Na2SO4 solutions.

EG and PEG were selected as supporting material and working substance respectively.