Others work with firms to help put things right.
They make it harder to work with firms outside the circle, reinforcing the inflexibility of Japan's business environment.
"This is taxpayers' money so it is only right that councils choose to work with firms which pay their fair share of tax," she said.
The Financial Conduct Authority, which also looks after the interests of consumers, said it would work with firms to tackle concerns about the banks sending the payments and the banks which receive them.
"We think the early-mover advantage brings us this perception of being out front," Mr. Geyer said, "and it's my experience that clients want to work with firms that are out front on issues".
Traditional floor-based trading is being gradually phased-out, as more and more investors have chosen to work with firms that employ algorithmic trading approaches.
As a quasi-federal agency, Freddie Mac (with its sister, Fannie Mae ) tends not to work with firms less than a year old.
The concept of RBV has been developing for decades, from classical works with firm growth theory to competitive advantage theory and dynamic capability theory.
The agency will refer the complaints to those firms, work with the firms to obtain a response, or refer the complaints to any other appropriate agency.
And BPP is working with firms, including Eversheds, to provide a course that enables apprentices to graduate with a degree.
Mr. Barnett, 45, owns Brentwood Licensing in Los Angeles; he licenses the rights to brand names or images and works with firms that want to acquire brand identities.
