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These large correlations persisted even after eliminating several methodological sources of confounding, including question wording, question order, and negative item-wording.
Even with large samples (such that sampling error is driven close to zero), we'd see differences across pollsters due to differences in methodology, question wording, question order, response formats, etc.
Similarly, Willis et al have divided such problems into six categories; interviewer difficulty, question wording, question structure, recall and judgment, response selection, and other problems.
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Interviewer input assisted in placing each definition within a local context and wording questions such that local populations would best understand what was being asked of them.
"It was a poorly worded question".
Bill replies: Oh jeez - a very strangely worded question, but I suppose..
Remember that a bluntly worded question is not necessarily a malicious one.
The problem is that the sympathetic response toward him in the poll may reflect a sympathetically worded question.
In the self-image dimension, a negatively worded question was deleted (Felt that you are not looking good) and the positively worded question preferred.
Women were asked a similarly worded question to assess infant health.
A sample of positively worded question is: "I believe that empathy is an important therapeutic factor in medical treatment" and a sample of negatively worded question is "It is difficult for a physician to view things from patients' perspectives".
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com