Sentence examples for wnv replication from inspiring English sources
Another study demonstrated that miR-2940-5p is down-regulated in Ae. albopictus C6/36 cells in response to WNV infection and restrict WNV replication [ 25].
Vero cells stably expressing these sequences had greatly diminished ability to support WNV replication but not the related dengue virus, demonstrating that the siRNAs were effective and suppressed WNV viral replication in a sequence-specific manner.
To identify proteins that participate in West Nile virus (WNV) replication, we tested the ability of siRNAs designed to knock-down the expression of a large subset of human genes to interfere with replication of WNV replicons.
Moreover, recent studies show that nucleotide substitutions [10], [11], as well as the location of bulged nucleotides [12] along the long stem loop structure affect WNV replication.
Interestingly, in contrast to our cell culture data, in vivo WNV replication was consistently higher in groups exposed to mosquito saliva.
To determine whether prior exposure to mosquitoes alters cytokine signaling after initial WNV transmission, real-time RT-PCR was performed on primary sites of WNV replication.
Inhibition of KUN-miR-1 or depletion of GATA4 mRNA both led to reduced WNV RNA replication.
Thus, the TX-UTRs are neither beneficial nor detrimental to WNV-MAD78 replication in vitro.
To assess the effect of the TX-UTRs on WNV-MAD78 fitness, we compared WNV-MAD78, WNV-MADIC, and WNV-MADTX-UTRs replication in A549 cells, human brain cortical astrocytes (HBCAs), and C6/36 cells, models for WNV infection within the periphery, the neurovascular unit, and the mosquito vector, respectively.
The present study shows that this effect of mosquito saliva occurs in APCs, early targets of arboviruses, during active WNV and SINV replication.
Following peripheral inoculation, WNV has limited replication in the skin; and within 24 h of deposition, infected dendritic cells (DCs), particularly Langerhan cells (LCs), migrate from the epidermis to local lymph nodes (LN) [13].
