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In certain strains of mosses, the gametophyte can give rise to clusters of presumably haploid sporophytes without the functioning of gametes; such apogamous formation of sporophytes may also be chemically induced (by application of a solution containing a specific amount of chloral hydrate to both the protonema and leafy shoots).
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Learning could not occur without the function of memory.
The form of commerce without the function – a self-referential monument with billboards on all sides?
Without the function of the Audit Commission there will be no one to step in when a council is failing, as Doncaster was recently.
But for some reason, Redmond decided to go forward without the function.
Thus, we hypothesize that some effects of external light are mediated via routes without the function of the eyes.
These simulation results predict that learning in animals without the function of NMDARs on granule cells proceeds much more slowly than that in normal animals.
The biotechnology drugs aim to interfere with the immune reaction that is responsible for the attack on the skin without affecting the functioning of the rest of the immune system -- an exceedingly difficult balancing act.
However, the contact pressure magnitude and distribution are difficult to measure experimentally without disrupting the functioning of the articulation.
Likewise, the dissolution of the parliament has left the country without a functioning legislative branch.
Without a functioning AER, the growth of the limb is severely stunted.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com