Exact(8)
Without outcome measures, new therapies cannot be systematically assessed in these diseases.
Prior to analysis, the datasets were reorganized by eliminating duplicate samples and samples without outcome information.
4. Behaviour Change without Outcome Benefit. 5. Adoption with Outcome Benefits.
Articles on ectopic pregnancy were excluded, as well as articles without outcome information on the mother and the child.
Patients published without any observation time and without outcome description were encoded as observation time=0, outcome=survival.
Furthermore, there were few differences between those with or without outcome data in terms of other potential confounders such as socioeconomic status.
For studies presenting dichotomized outcomes pooling was considered possible if numbers with or without outcome property (e.g. with or without impact) were presented.
Referral bias was present, because the patients in our population were referred by their treating physicians to undergo invasive coronary imaging on the basis of their chest pain presentation with or without outcome of stress testing.
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