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For loop-less graphs (without edges originating and terminating at the same node), it varies in the range of <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0008001.e031.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/> and characterizes the average unspecificity of species in the network.
Further, the strains were either given to the co-authors without Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) from originating sources, or given to the co-authours under MTA with the permission to be used in characterization of MGEs.
In addition to the calculation of unadjusted proportions, we also calculated the risk-adjusted proportions of medication users for each stratum so that the groups could be compared without bias effects originating from the between-group differences in the distributions of uninteresting (confounding) variables.
The types containing 2 copies of MIRU24, with and without RD9 originate exclusively from West Africa, suggest that these may be indigenous to this region.
Some of the most important differences between scenarios with and without migration originate in the delicate dynamics of φ at the boundary of the K-cube.
An illusion is distinguished from a hallucination, an experience that seems to originate without an external source of stimulation.
The programme was initially developed in the 1980s to address the needs of thousands of children originating from Southeast Asia without a guardian to care for them.
This has the advantage of presenting a ready picture of single actin contraction activity without common molecular background 'noise' originating from rigor modes in contraction data during measurements.
DNA preparations from 160 clinical specimens, originating from patients without a suspected T. gondii infection, as well as from 118 strains of different bacterial genera, remained negative from the LightCycler amplification screen and in melting curve analysis.
In addition, 160 clinical specimens of various types originating from patients without a suspected T. gondii infection (about 50%% of these patients were seropositive for Toxoplasma but do not show clinical symptoms of acute disease), and 118 strains from different bacterial genera, were included in the study.
Only sequences originating from a forward strand without mismatches were considered.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com