Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
without construing
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "without construing" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in legal or formal contexts to indicate that something is being stated or done without interpreting or explaining its meaning. Example: "The agreement shall be enforced as written, without construing any terms to favor one party over the other."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(3)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
Twenty years before the movie "Nosferatu," James wrote about the sex lives of vampires in "The Sacred Fount," a novel that is nearly impossible to read today without construing the title as a reference to the purported sanative effects of sexual fluids.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
This allows us to speak in the usual fashion of the main connective of a given formula, the variables occurring in and more generally the subformulas of such and such a formula, and so on, without restricting ourselves to construing the formulas as obtained specifically by concatenating various symbols.
Science
For example, they will deny that they are construing Brahman as a substance without properties.
Science
"Construing the commerce clause to permit Congress to regulate individuals precisely because they are doing nothing would open a new and potentially vast domain to congressional authority," Mr Roberts wrote.But the mandate, the chief justice explained as he sided with the president's backup argument, may be considered a tax on those without insurance, and Congress has the power to tax.
News & Media
One of the most challenging tasks for construing neighbor discovery schedules is how two different schedules have the same active mode at the same time without any further information.
Malevich wrote much and said more about suprematism, his utterances veering between vigorous idealism, apocalyptic nihilism and a hazy eloquence so open to interpretation it has been construed without consensus many ways.
News & Media
The most crucial question is whether charities may link to the Web sites of political campaigns without the links being construed as endorsements.
News & Media
Mott realises that another year without silverware could be construed as more disappointment by critics, but believes that the team has been far more competitive than in recent seasons.
News & Media
Maybe we can stop speculating about people's sexuality -- and let them live their lives as we wish to live ours, in full enjoyment of our personal liberty, in privacy and without our sexuality being construed as an argument for or against anything other than as an expression of our unique humanity.
News & Media
The lack of a control group of nonobese subjects without OSA could be construed as a weakness in the present study.
Science
By contrast, in line with his project of developing a metaphysics without ontology, Collingwood does not construe the distinction between reasons and causes in this way.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
To ensure clarity, when using "without construing", specify what should not be construed, or what the alternative action or understanding should be.
Common error
Avoid using "without construing" in casual conversation or informal writing; simpler phrases like "without interpreting" or "without understanding" are often more appropriate.
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "without construing" functions as a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb or clause, indicating an action should be performed or a situation should be understood without a specific interpretation or understanding. This aligns with Ludwig's analysis of the phrase, emphasizing directness and avoidance of inference.
Frequent in
News & Media
30%
Science
30%
Encyclopedias
14%
Less common in
Formal & Business
14%
Wiki
12%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "without construing" is a formal prepositional phrase used to emphasize the absence of interpretation in understanding or acting upon something. Ludwig confirms its grammatical correctness and suitability for formal contexts like legal documents and academic writing. While infrequent, it serves to ensure clarity and prevent misinterpretations, as it sets clear boundaries for understanding. Related phrases like "without interpreting" can provide similar meaning in less formal settings. When using "without construing", specify the interpretation to avoid for maximum clarity.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
not construing
A shorter, more direct negation of the act of construing.
without interpreting
Focuses on the act of not interpreting, highlighting a lack of active analysis.
not interpreting
A shorter, more direct negation of the act of interpreting.
without understanding
Emphasizes a lack of comprehension as a reason for not construing.
without inferring
Specifies the avoidance of drawing conclusions or making inferences.
without deducing
Highlights the absence of deductive reasoning in understanding something.
without assuming
Indicates the avoidance of making assumptions or presuppositions.
without presuming
Similar to assuming, but may imply a greater degree of unwarranted confidence.
without any interpretation
Adds emphasis to the absence of any interpretive effort.
excluding any interpretation
Explicitly excludes the possibility of any form of interpretation.
FAQs
What does "without construing" mean?
The phrase "without construing" means without interpreting or understanding something in a particular way. It suggests taking something at face value "without interpretation".
How to use "without construing" in a sentence?
You can use "without construing" to indicate that something should be understood literally or in a straightforward manner, "without inferring" additional meaning. For example, "The contract should be enforced as written, without construing any ambiguous terms."
What are some alternatives to "without construing"?
Some alternatives to "without construing" include phrases like "without interpreting", "without understanding", or "without assuming" depending on the context.
Is it better to use "without construing" or "without interpreting"?
The choice between "without construing" and "without interpreting" depends on the level of formality. "Without construing" is more formal and often used in legal or academic writing, while "without interpreting" is more generally applicable.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested