Placement of the repository in unsaturated zone permitted an extended period without backfilling; placement of the waste package in an open drift permitted use of much larger, and thus hotter packages.
Reclamation methods with and without backfilling have been extensively practiced in China.
Based on a traditional crtical panel without backfilling, the values of b and tanβ are taken as 0.32 and 1.8, respectively.
The mine, exploited by sub level stoping method and without backfills, was home to important phenomena of subsidences that before had led to the closure and then have compromised the surrounding areas.
Backfilling was applied in the roadways surrounded by soft rocks in the Huainan and the Tiefa coal mining districts, compared with the case without backfilling, the working resistance of steel supports increased by 5 times, the roadway displacement decreased by 90%%.
These values are compared to those from mining without using backfilling techniques, under the same geological conditions.
We measure the performance of QLFU and existing replica strategies on a small green cluster to study the running time and power consumption of the strategies with and without data backfilling.
In solid backfill mining without gangue removal, the gangue is separated directly underground and backfilled into goaf.
Especially, a fictitious material is proposed for modeling the construction deficiency of cavity arisen from over-breaking of surrounding rocks without in-time backfilling, assumed as lightweight and always elastic without cracking, linked with primary lining and surrounding rocks using elastic spring.
These Technosols are made of backfill with or without a topsoil addition, which may affect both the physicochemical properties of these soils and the success of soil fauna colonization.
