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Without a standardised approach to instrument set-up and with spot counting parameters being set by individual users in each laboratory one might expect a degree of variability when different laboratories are given the same ELISpot plate to count.
However, unlike CKD (typically defined as two consecutive eGFRs ≤60 ml/measured moreasured more than 3 months apart), it is without a standardised definition.
Results from one study, then, cannot be compared with another and, without a standardised backdrop for comparison, clinicians cannot know what to expect as results for a particular patient.
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Results from 53 CRC cases and from 1457 subjects without CRC yielded a standardised sensitivity of 48.2% (95% CI 32.4% to 63.6%; crude rate 50.9%); for CRC stages I IV, values were 35.0%, 63.0%, 46.0% and 77.4%, respectively.
It can be performed without new investment, but a standardised technique and interobserver agreement still need to be determined.
Between February 2009 and March 2010, the patients without known heart failure underwent a standardised diagnostic work-up, including medical history, physical examination, ECG and echocardiography.
We assessed endogenous insulin secretion in 102 participants with insulin treated diabetes (58 Type 1) following a standardised mixed meal without exogenous insulin.
Body weight and height were measured in participants without shoes or heavy clothes, with a standardised protocol.
22 Participating twins underwent a nurse-led interview and had been sent, before their visit, a standardised questionnaire for completion, without conferring, relating to lifetime history of low back symptoms.
We also rated the quality of evidence without including the treatment effect to ensure a standardised perspective.
They can improve the accountability of mortality data and support quality improvement without compromising professional learning, especially when facilitated by a standardised mortality review process.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com