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The first spike latency was measured as the latency for the first evoked spike within this analysis window.
We calculated the root-mean-square (RMS) contrast for every image within this analysis window, i.e. the standard deviation of the brightness values of each pixel from the mean brightness, divided by the mean brightness (van der Schaaf and van Hateren, 1996; Brinkworth and O'Carroll, 2009).
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However, if the instantaneous frequency variation within the analysis window is faster, multiwindow, or higher order distributions should be used, [14 16, 19 27].
The RMS contrast was calculated within the analysis window.
From the center of each user submitted region, a lookup is performed to find bins within the analysis window size that contain the genomic feature.
Using natural images for stimulation, we found no significant dependence of the neural response on the RMS contrast within the analysis window.
The trial shuffling procedure destroyed any possible correlation between the spike trains and the LFPs but preserved the potential sampling biases of spikes and phases within the analysis window.
For instance, a scene with thick trunks of trees (Fig. 1A,F) with a local nearness of 2 m−1 only led to an average nearness of below 0.7 m−1 within the analysis window.
Thus, some portion of the R-wave (dotted portion of the EGM in Figure 1 A-iii) before and after pacing is missing from the EGM signal within the analysis window.
For all the complex spikes used in the trial-by-trial analysis (i.e., within the analysis window of 75 250 ms, during contraversive vestibular stimuli for VOR-decrease training and ipsiversive vestibular stimuli for VOR-increase training), we measured features of the complex spike and the complex-spike-triggered pause in simple spiking.
Thus, within the analysis window, the expected number of coincidences is calculated on the basis of the trial-by-trial firing probabilities p i, j which are estimated by the spike count c i, j of neuron i in trial j divided by the number of bins N within a window: p i, j = c i, j / N with N = Tw/ h.
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