The SD criteria demonstrated that although dairy farming generates the highest returns, plantation forestry with nitrogen and carbon payments would be a preferred alternative for landowners with relatively low risk aversion levels who consider return volatility and environmental limits within their land-use change criteria.
The community was fortunate to have higher ground to move to within their land boundaries, making it an easier transition.
In January, after public outcry, they dropped eight lawsuits they had brought against dozens of people who have claims to parcels of land within their estate dating back to the mid-1800s.
If this move is successful, it would make the lawsuit moot, since American Indian tribes have the right to determine land ownership or leaseholds within their reservation lands.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) counts 15.2m (4.8m of them Palestinians, looked after by a different UN outfit), with an additional 26.4m displaced within their own lands.
But India's bourgeois environmental elite knows this is a grave threat to its control of the country's forests, and so it has lobbied that granting tribal people such rights would be a conservational disaster, claiming they would be encouraged to hunt tigers and chop down trees within their given lands.
As such, they operate within the context of traditionally studied drivers of forest management on private lands, but also manage their lands within the context of the contentious debate about how the Shawnee National Forest is managed.
Whether interested in valuable forest resources, sustainable forest management, or the land itself, diverse stakeholders from the private, public, and non-profit sectors must, in the interests of ensuring the success of projects and policies, negotiate with these communities to obtain consent and the social license to operate on their lands within a forest landscape.
Less straightforward are issues related to the availability of land to relocate to, especially if communities cannot relocate within their customary land boundaries.
I am writing from Cape Town, South Africa, where black people have been subjugated on their lands, and within their societies and cultures.
