Sentence examples for within imputation from inspiring English sources

= within imputation variance.

The lack of a within imputation variance estimate also restricts the use of sophisticated robust location and scale estimators, such as the M-estimators [ 12].

The associated total variance for this overall MI estimate is, where is the estimated within imputation variance and is the between imputation variance [ 4].

More sophisticated robust estimators, such as the robust M-estimators [ 12], may be useful when a within imputation variance can be easily calculated.

The overall estimate is the average of the individual estimates, and the overall standard errors include both between and within imputation standard errors.

Since standard MI strategies ignore the between cluster variance and fail to account for the intra-cluster correlation, the within imputation variance may be underestimated, which could lead to underestimation of the total variance and consequently the narrower confidence interval.

Note, however, that they require the calculation of two components: the within-imputation variance and the between-imputation variance.

The second aspect of interest is that age and female have the smallest within-imputation and between-imputation variances.

What we notice first in Figure 14 is that the between-imputation variability is very small relative to the within-imputation variability.

The within-imputation variance is computed by taking the arithmetic average of the M squared standard errors as follows: Q ¯ = 1 M ∑ i = 1 M U ^ i. where, U ^ i is the squared standard error from the ith dataset.

In order to provide information about the variance specific to each parameter, Figure 14 displays the within-imputation variance and the between-imputation variance (see Rubin's rules in the Appendix).