Species at higher trophic levels had more significant and variable or less predictable effects on ecosystem functioning, and the species within functional groups have very different effects on ecosystem functioning, indicating a lack of redundancy within functional groups.
Thirty of the seats are filled from within "functional constituencies", such as business groups and trade unions, a system bound to produce complaisance.
Five percent incremental improvement occurs within functional silos.
The zones have different mechanical properties and play specific roles within functional cartilage tissue.
The purpose of this paper is to consider thermal expansion of parts integrated within functional tolerancing.
Types based on linear logic have also been used within functional programs: see Guzman & Hudak 1990 and Wadler 1991.
The sequence variations within functional elements allowed engineering strategies to be proposed, aimed at identifying and modifying the specificity, activity and stability of chloride-dependent α-amylases.
Previous studies have prioritized trait-relevant cell types by looking for an enrichment of genome-wide association study (GWAS) signal within functional regions.
Metabolomics is a rapidly emerging discipline within functional genomics which is increasingly being applied to understand biochemical phenotypes across a range of biological systems.
These dynamics mainly concern the fringe between urban and agricultural land, e.g. the peri-urban areas usually included within functional urban regions.
With the proposed strategies for validation and coupling of the simulations, some of the challenges within functional product development can be overcome.
