However there was evidence of a negative association between the within-herd variation in age and mean number of displacements within the herd (Fig. 2a, t202 = −2.49, p = 0.01), as the within-herd standard deviation in age increased, within-herd displacement decreased.
The proposed modeling approach is implemented as a user material subroutine within displacement-based layered-shell FE models, where each layer can be represented with at least one RUC.
Variation in height was not associated with within-herd displacement (t202 = −0.39, p = 0.70) but did show evidence of association with interactivity (Fig. 2c, t202 = −4.25, p < 0.001), where herds more similar in height were more interactive.
Mitochondrial haplotyping efforts typically focus on hypervariable sites within the displacement ("D") loop, since high mutation rates within this region generate substantial haplotypic variation in most species.
Linear response of 0.058 nm mm−1 was obtained within a displacement range of 0 20 mm.
The formulation is developed within a displacement based shear deformation shell theory.
Within the displacement field of a layerwise theory, two laminated beam theories for beams with general lamination are developed.
The obtained data lead to the conclusion that the causes of the structural damage are not found within a displacement or failure of the foundations.
A recursive iterative algorithm is used to numerically solve the governing equations which are integrated within a displacement based finite element environment.
Sliding mode controller is also quick to compensate the cutting force disturbances, and keeps the tool tip at the desired location within the displacement measurement sensor resolution (±0.1 μm).
The Simple and Effective control strategy of Fusco and Ringwood (2013) is used to generate an angular velocity trajectory designed to maximise energy capture whilst keeping the device motion within physical displacement constraints.
