If you burn your finger, you don't need an urge to withdraw to supplement the actual withdrawal reflex.
"Fast" pain, which is characterized by sharp, piercing pain, and results in a quick withdrawal reflex.
The nociceptive flexor withdrawal reflex has an august place in the history of neuroscience.
"Slow" pain, which is characterized by dull, aching pain, and results in no withdrawal reflex.
Consistently, aberrant sensory input artificially introduced during spontaneous twitches increased the nociceptive withdrawal reflex error rate9.
Depth of anesthesia was assessed by loss of the righting reflex and loss of withdrawal reflex to a toe pinch.
The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a polysynaptic withdrawal reflex that occurs in response to painful stimulation.
For collection of acute slices, mice were anesthetized with Avertin (Sigma Aldrich, Oakville, ON, Canada) or isoflurane and sacrificed once the hind-limb withdrawal reflex was lost.
To investigate the modulation of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) and temporal summation (TS) by low‐dose acepromazine (ACP) in conscious dogs.
We used noxious withdrawal reflex electromyography, and single fibre recordings in vivo, to test the hypothesis that TRPA1-expressing primary afferents mediate noxious cold responses in anaesthetised rats.
Functional recovery was evaluated using the sciatic functional index (SFI), the static sciatic index (SSI), the extensor postural thrust (EPT), the withdrawal reflex latency (WRL) and ankle kinematics.
