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Merrick is a 19th century Englishman afflicted with physical abnormalities due to a disease.
But Miss Pushnik also personified what Dick Zigun, the impresario of the sideshow tribute Coney Island U.S.A., calls "the hot-button issue of sideshows," the showcasing of people with physical abnormalities.
He was particularly interested in identical twins, people with heterochromia iridum (eyes of two different colours), dwarfs, and people with physical abnormalities.
His experiments on dwarfs and people with physical abnormalities included taking physical measurements, drawing blood, extracting healthy teeth, and treatment with unnecessary drugs and X-rays.
Growth retardation is commonly associated with physical abnormalities, and can thus be considered part of the spectrum of congenital anomalies.
Defects in genes encoding ribosomal proteins cause Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA), a red cell aplasia often associated with physical abnormalities.
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All 4 syndromes have been associated with various physical abnormalities.
However, it may be technically difficult to perform in the patients with significant physical abnormalities, such as severe lumber lordosis, spinal deformity, and potential cord compression.
Further tests showed that infected men produced sperm with 80% more physical abnormalities and 10% less mobility.
We identified a de novo two-nucleotide deletion in RPL26 in one proband associated with multiple severe physical abnormalities.
Nevertheless, Arbus's black-and-white portraits – particularly of those with mental disabilities or physical abnormalities – retain their power to unsettle and disturb.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com