However, by a possibly increased deposition in and transposition through the pulmonary tissue, the probably excessive toxic properties of these nanoparticles would still indicate a substantial contribution in health-hazard [ 15, 16].Overall, the particle yields seem to depend on claimed tar values, with higher yields for higher-tar cigarettes.
SIVs issue short-term debt that use the money to invest in longer-term securities with higher yields.
Others get tranches with higher yields, but will lose their principal if enough borrowers default.
The managers prefer unloved companies in out-of-favor industries, looking for securities with higher yields than those of comparable companies.
Or, if the market views the prepayment risk as rising, prices may fall for all mortgage-backed bonds, particularly those with higher yields.
Meanwhile, several structured investment vehicles, which issue short-term notes to invest in longer-term securities with higher yields, were struggling to refinance.
In 2002, a turbulent year in the bond markets, many short-term bond funds that started the year with higher yields underperformed their peers over all.
Also, lower interest rates induce foreigners to switch out of dollar-denominated investments like Treasuries and into currencies with higher yields.
The number of buyers showing up at bond auctions has declined, and investors have had to be bribed with higher yields to keep buying.
But near-zero interest rates set by the Japanese government for much of this decade encouraged the rise of the so-called yen carry trade, where investors borrowed money in Japan to invest in countries with higher yields.
Moreover, closed-end municipal funds often leverage their portfolios by issuing short-term preferred stock at a low rate and reinvesting the proceeds in longer-term issues with higher yields.
