In events with canopy saturation (RF ⩾ 10 mm), IC/RF was insensitive to RP and RFI.
Modelled results show that isoprene emission rates strongly vary with canopy depth, with maximum values coinciding with canopy layers with largest amount of active biomass.
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Higher accuracy was obtained with indices combining chlorophyll estimation with canopy structure or with polyphenol indices.
Radiation transmission of the green wall strongly correlates with canopy transmittance and reflectance (R2 = 0.83).
However, education levels and homeownership were occasionally inconsistent with the expected positive relationship with canopy cover.
Accordingly, richness decreased with canopy cover in Fagus plots, but not in Pinus ones.
In abandoned Pinus reforestations, the recruitment of Q. pyrenaica was also associated with canopy openings.
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In contrast, beech and conifer forests with canopy gaps would allow for timber production and other cultural services (e.g. wild edible plants).
Yang, X. et al. Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence that correlates with canopy photosynthesis on diurnal and seasonal scales in a temperate deciduous forest.
