This process might be impossible for the optimization algorithm to reach due to either a poor starting point or a not so wise process set-up.
This large energy difference indicates the difficulty of the conversion of structures (b) to (c) which argued the step wise process of nucleophilic attack.
The observation that some imprinted domains in mouse and human are not imprinted in marsupials, suggests that imprinting was a step wise process during evolution beginning after the evolution of viviparity and continuing convergently in the marsupial and eutherian lineages.
We also develop a robust process optimization technique for batch-wise processes, called batch-wise robust process optimization, which utilizes all available measurements of raw material qualities at the start of each production batch.
We also provide practical guidance on the step-wise processes needed to incorporate the NMA analysis into the CEA process.
The 6-h DESMOND structured education programme is underpinned by a philosophy and learning theories that promote adult learning through interactive step-wise processes, which increase self-efficacy to promote self-management [ 33].
Hence, research has recently started to shift toward approaches using systematical models in order to integrate and analyze the heterogeneous data comprehensively rather than through simple step-wise processes [ 16– 16].
To achieve this, a small multi-disciplinary team of appointed investigators often draws on a multitude of analytical and problem-solving techniques [ 4- 6] such as Brainstorming, Pareto Analysis, the Five-Whys technique and Fault-Tree-Analysis to accomplish these aims using recommended step-wise processes (Table 1).
The survey instrument was developed through a step-wise process that included item generation, construction, pilot testing, and clarification.
The selection procedure is a step-wise process that begins with identifying the most important ecological functions relevant to the sustainable production of the GM plant (Figure 2).
For situations in which teams "don't know what they don't know," a step-wise process will not reduce risk.
