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For example, the origin of eyespots in the Pc wing sector is never contingent on the presence of eyespots in the adjacent Cu2 wing sector.
Therefore, the eyespot pairs used for analyses were those that differ only in wing identity (same wing sector, same wing surface), those that differ only in wing surface identity (same wing sector, same wing), and those that differ only in wing sector identity (same wing, same wing surface).
When eyespots first originated it is possible that the activating signals for network deployment may have been present across every single wing sector.
During wing development in Drosophila, each wing sector expresses different combinations of transcription factors that gives that sector a unique genetic identity [ 21, 22].
The eyespots of extant Nymphalidae have three kinds of positional information: wing (forewing vs. hindwing), wing surface (dorsal vs. ventral), and wing sector.
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Regulatory evolution of the genes in the eyespot network (losing or gaining binding sites for genes such as Spalt, as well as for other wing sector-restricted genes, activators or repressors) may have produced the pattern of successive eyespot origins uncovered in this study.
Within wing surfaces, eyespots do not appear sequentially in adjacent wing sectors.
A recent study showed that eyespots originated in a few wing sectors on the hindwing [ 13].
These eyespot color patterns originated in a small number of wing sectors on the ventral hindwing surface and later appeared in novel wing sectors, novel wings, and novel wing surfaces.
In butterflies of the family Nymphalidae, eyespots first arose in only a few wing sectors on the ventral wing surface.
The first eyespots, located in five wing sectors on the ventral hindwing, redeployed to the ventral forewing.
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