They all showed a modification of skills and attitudes or behavioural or willingness of learners to apply new knowledge & skills (Kirkpatrick Levels 2 and 3) [ 6].
The highest Kirkpatrick level reached by any of the studies was level 3 which indicates a change in behaviour and documents the transfer of learning to the workplace or willingness of learners to apply new knowledge and skills.
But the willingness of learners in the face-to-face group to take part in continuing education using the same method may be due to the fact that they did not have much experience of web-based learning and were afraid of technology [ 23].
For instance, Liou and Peng (2009) showed that training did not increase the learners' willingness to incorporate peers' comments in revising their texts.
Results from the independent samples t tests comparing the enthusiastic agent and neutral agent revealed significant effects for perceived agent friendliness, t 70) = 2.574, p = .012; learners' willingness to learn from the agent again, t 70) = 2.578, p = .012; and total agent perception, t 58.58) = 2.161, p = .035.035
Learners' willingness, or motivation, to engage in restructuring their knowledge appears to be essential for them to change their conceptions in science (Scott et al., 1991; Novak, 2002).
The development and application of the CVSERVAPS-12 was only possible due to the collective commitment of the professorial team, tutors, academic and general coordination, and their willingness to be perpetual learners, by revising, discussing, listening and making the required changes and corrections together during every step of its development.
Moreover, we acknowledge that LSO is only one of a multitude of within-learner affective factors than can influence a learner's willingness to participate.
The affective dimension focuses on the influence of context on the learner's willingness to invest effort in (motivation for) the learning task.
All of our teachers have a willingness to continue to be learners.
In this study, learners showed a willingness to practice productive skills and thus to adopt new ways of studying English, but experienced difficulty in achieving this.
