Sentence examples for wild backgrounds from inspiring English sources

Random differences in left-right symmetry, trait values among isogenic flies and genetic effects on trait means across wild backgrounds were used to parse developmental noise, micro-environmental and genetic variation.

Now that we identified which wild backgrounds displayed elevated noise for some traits, it will be interesting to test whether they confer fitness advantages in fluctuating environments or during exposure to environmental catastrophes.

To introgress Q40-YFP transgene into the wild backgrounds, Q40Bristol males were mated with DR1350, JU258(Madeira), or CB4856(Hawaii) hermaphrodites, then five to seven F1 fluorescent hermaphrodites were mated with wild males, and this two-step cycle was repeated until over 35 generations of backcrosses to the wild background were reached.

We found that three of the wild backgrounds used in this study had modifying effects on multiple aspects of polyglutamine aggregation and toxicity, including the onset and extent of aggregation, the differential susceptibility of specific subsets of muscle cells to aggregation, and the direct cellular and indirect organismal correlates of dysfunction.

To ensure that Hsp90 mutant and control flies were isogenic, P582 was introduced into an extremely inbred and essentially homozygous wild background, Samarkand Samm), by over 38 generations of backcrossing, introgression, and homogenization (creating P582i) [19].

It was notable that the most useful APA variants in our study were Arc1 in the cultivated background and Arc1, Arc4, Arc5 and Arc7 in the wild background and this is consistent with results from previous studies [ 19].

After hybridization, the crop genomic segments will be established in the wild background or eliminated by selection either through selfing of the hybrids or through backcrossing to the predominant wild plants, or a combination of the two processes.

As a negative message from our study, we conclude that genes, should they be undesirable in natural settings (such as certain transgenes), could introgress into a wild background without conferring a direct fitness benefit themselves.