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Maximum width of the vertebral foramen.
Degenerative spondylolisthesis has been considered positive when the vertebral slippage was greater than 4.5 mm or greater than 15% of the width of the vertebral body on flexion X-rays [16].
Conversely, the treatment added a little cortical bone to the tibia, a highly loaded site, but did not significantly increase cortical width of the vertebral body, a less loaded site.
The slot extended no more than the caudal third of the cranial vertebra to the cranial third of the caudal vertebra, and its width did not exceed a third of the width of the vertebral bodies [ 15].
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The horizontal dimension, or foraminal width (interpedicular diameter of the vertebral foramina), was measured as the highest distance in the craniocaudal direction (Fig. 2).
The translation movement between vertebrae greater than 3.5 mm or 20% of the vertebral width was suggested to be an indicator of spinal instability or pathologies [ 8, 11, 22].
The width of adjacent upper vertebral endplate was adopted to normalize the measurement of intervertebral translation during lateral bending movement.
The width of next upper vertebral endplate was used to normalize the measurement of intervertebral movements during cervical lateral bending.
They defined criteria for diagnosing instability from flexion-extension radiographs as "sagittal plane translation greater than 4.5 mm or greater than 15% of the vertebral body width, or sagittal plane rotation of greater than 15° at L1/L2, L2/L3 or L3/L4, greater than 20° at L4/L5, or greater than 25° at L5/S1" [ 23].
All pedicle screws used were polyaxial screws with a diameter of 4.5 6 mm, depending on the pedicle width measured in the vertebral body to be navigated (S4-System, Braun Melsungen, Germany).
Enlargement of the pancreas was defined as when the width of the pancreatic body or tail exceeds two-thirds of the transverse diameter of the vertebral body or if the width of the pancreatic head exceeds the full transverse diameter of the vertebral body.
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