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Again, this effect disappeared with decreasing width of selection function.
This was very clear when the width of selection function was narrow, but disappeared with when selection becomes weaker.
Mean load was affected most strongly by the width of selection function (Fig. 4), but there was also a strong effect of heritability.
From basic evolutionary theory we know that the level of genetic variation is a key factor, as is the width of selection function.
The most important factors determining load were width of selection function and the level of heritability, whereas environmental noise and levels of density-dependence had only a small impact.
Fitness (w) for individual i was determined as:
Similar(53)
We then set the width of the selection window such that 5% of the cells have expression levels within the selection window.
The isolation width of precursor selection was 2 units and the normalised collision energy for peptides was 35.
Note that, in this interpretation, the width of the selection function is inversely proportional to the time for which fitness fluctuations are maintained.
That is, when the desired expression level varies more than the width of the selection window, fitness is optimized by increasing noise so as to ensure the distribution overlaps the desired levels across all conditions.
As illustrated below, comparison of the population's expression levels before and after selection shows that the probability for a cell with log-fluorescence x to be selected can be well-approximated by (69) f (x | μ *, τ ) = exp [ − (x − μ * ) 2 2 τ 2 ], where μ* is the desired expression level and τ corresponds to the width of the selection window.
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