It should be noted that the FI model and the various standard models share common simplifying neurophysiological assumptions allowing tractable mathematical derivations: identical Gaussian tuning curve characteristics across neurons (amplitude and width), firing rate variability following independent Poisson noise, a theoretical hypercolumn arrangement of neuronal tuning.
Furthermore, seven physiological parameters (action potential [AP] half-width, firing frequency per 100 pA, membrane time constant [τM], inter-spike interval [ISI], adaptation ratio, AP, and after hyperpolarization [AHP] amplitudes) were added to the CA. This facilitated a clear separation of the interneuron control group from the excitatory neurons.
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Putative interneurons were identified using amplitude width and firing rate as criteria.
The rhythmic frequency was defined as the reciprocal of the latency of the first peak in the autocorrelogram of simple spike firing (width = 1 s, bin size = 0.2 ms).
We thus model the place field as a Gaussian bump centered in the place cell preferred position x → j 0 : (2) r j t = exp (− | | x → t − x → j 0 | | 2 2 σ p 2 ), where x → t is the position at time t of the simulated bat, σ p = 0.05 L is the width of the firing field and | | a − b | | is the Euclidean distance between two points a and b in three dimensions.
(C ) Mitral cells display steady firing in response to brief light pulses (20 Hz, 10 ms pulse width) and (D ) enhanced firing in response to prolonged light pulse duration (20 Hz, 49 ms pulse width).
(L ) Prolonged light pulse duration (20 Hz, 49 ms pulse width) leads to robust firing in fast-spiking SST cortical interneurons.
This is due to the high sensitivity of the FI decoding method to both tuning curve parameters: width and amplitude of firing rate, whereas the Standard models need strong amplitude modulation for creating a repulsion effect.
On the one hand, indole inhibited voltage-gated K+ channels, increased the temporal width of action potentials fired by L cells, and led to enhanced Ca2+ entry, thereby acutely stimulating GLP-1 secretion.
