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The comparisons indicate that the model can elaborately simulate the crack width, crack distribution, crack evolution, and crack-load response of both the single cracking section and overall component, which offers a reliable and efficient tool for the whole-process crack width prediction in nonlinear FEA of RC structures.
The test results showed that CFRP strengthening could reduce crack width, crack spacing, and the induced stress ratio in the prestressed strands under service loading conditions.
Based on these novel results, a corrosion model is proposed which incorporates crack width, crack spacing, free chloride content and cover depth.
The number of cracks developed at failure was also taken into account with measurements of average crack width, crack spacing and failure mode.
In addition to crack width, crack depth is also a key parameter; especially, under loading the crack depth increases during all stages in the life of a concrete structure which strongly affects the chloride ions penetration depth.
Between 0.4 and 0.5 mm and at 1.0 mm of crack width crack width, the chloride diffusion coefficient increased to 2.7 and threefold increase was observed at the age of 56 days.
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Analysis also shows that the sensitivity of the Bragg grating sensor to the bridging force is sufficient, even for the more realistic case of an initially zero-width crack e.g. grown by fatigue.
In V-shape cracks the width of crack towards the reinforcing steel is smaller than at the concrete surface.
The number of through-width cracks in the coating as a function of applied strain was measured.
When the WC content was relatively high, multiple through-width cracks (TWC) in the coating can be found.
These three-dimensional simulations revealed that such effects are less intense than those predicted by previous 2D analyses that assumed through-width cracks.
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