They also continue to endure widespread and disproportionate disadvantage compared to non-Indigenous Australians on indices of educational attainment, employment, and ill health [ 2].
Western Sydney is a diverse and highly populated area, characterised by an expanding population (with a high proportion of young families), multiculturalism (57 % not born in Australia) and widespread socio-economic disadvantage [ 15].
Many disadvantages of widespread use of chemical fertilisers include increase in soil acidity, mineral imbalance and soil degradation (Kang and Juo 1980; Ayoola and Makinde 2008) and even farmers nowadays do not prefer chemical fertilisers (Bedada et al. 2014).
A major disadvantage of widespread biodiesel commercialization is its low oxidation stability [24].
The context in which the IBoD study was commissioned was characterised by widespread recognition of Indigenous disadvantage and inequities in health and its determinants.
According to the shift in question, in a context in which women experience widespread, systematic, diachronic, and structural disadvantages, certain ways of perceiving and representing women tend to cause them material and psychological harm.
Potential disadvantages of more widespread antimicrobial prophylaxis (side effects and cost of antibiotics, development of antimicrobial resistance) might be mitigated by the identification of which patients are most likely to benefit from this approach.
This is expensive, and until low carbon, renewable sources become widespread, it has the potential disadvantage of adding to the problem that it is trying to solve.
A disadvantage for its widespread use is that it is not available everywhere, is more expensive and can be used only by experienced personnel.
Contextual features which led to commissioning the IBoD study included widespread recognition of longstanding Indigenous disadvantage, lower life expectancy than non-Indigenous Australians, and the lack of an adequate evidence base upon which to determine priorities for interventions.
