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The reason explains why we make efforts on improving the fine synchronization with wide tracking range, high estimation accuracy, and low computational complexity.
Computer simulation results show that a fourth-order algorithm will suffice to cover a wide tracking range exceeding half the carrier spacing while producing results with good accuracy.
We note here that the development of the fine CFO tracking with wide tracking range while keeping high estimation accuracy and low computational complexity is beneficial to the design of the synchronization algorithms, viewing the fact that different coarse synchronization algorithms lead to different magnitudes of the fine residual frequency offsets.
In [1], by using the linear minimum-mean-square-error (LMMSE) combiner to optimally combine frequency offset estimators based on single time slot pilot samples from a received time-domain OFDM block, they successfully circumvent the multiple solution difficulty and meanwhile achieve very satisfactory joint estimation performance with wide tracking range (up to half the subcarrier spacing).
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