Long forms of PDE4 are involved in fast cAMP signalling loops through PRKA activation at conserved phosphorylation domains, while short forms of PDE4 are associated with long term responses promoted by cAMP such as gene transcription.
Long isoforms (p73 or p63 containing the transactivation domain (TA-p73 or TA-p63)) are able to transactivate the same target genes as p53 and induce apoptosis, while short forms (amino-deleted p63 or p73 isoforms (DN-p63 or DN-73)) have an opposite activity via DN mechanisms.
In contrast, as shown in the table, several studies have provided evidences to support that while short-form Sirt3 predominantly localize in the mitochondria, full-length Sirt3 can be present in the nucleus.
Short encounter, short form.
ADAM-12L (membrane-bound long variant) transcripts were overexpressed in tumours when compared to controls, while no expression of short form of ADAM-12 (ADAM-12S) (secreted short variant) was detected in the lung tissues examined.
The long form of σ1R comprises 223 amino-acid residues, while the short form contains 106 amino acids.
However, in this previous study, only the long form of KDM2B was disrupted, while the short form of KDM2B, which can still target the PCGF1/PRC1 complex was unperturbed.
There is a functional difference between the two isoforms, with the long form susceptible to inducible proteolytic cleavage, while the short form is insensitive to cleavage [ 41, 42].
This long form of the transcript (DDBJ: AB435383) encoded a 360-amino acid-long polypeptide sequence, while the short form (R2C00214F, DDBJ: AB435382) encoded a 226-amino acid-long polypeptide sequence.
Here it is, in short form.
Go from short form to long form.
