Low-lying, boggy land was dammed and flooded in Maine towards the end of the century to meet surge demands, while pre-existing artificial mill ponds in Wisconsin turned out to be ideal for harvesting commercial ice.
During rituximab treatment, both primary and secondary serological antibody responses are substantially impaired [ 134- 138], while pre-existing antibody titers were largely maintained.
Once a cancer has been initiated, pre-existing policing mechanisms (e.g. the immune system) are the only defence, while pre-existing suppression mechanisms (e.g. tumour suppressor genes) act earlier, reducing the chance of a cancer ever arising.
While pre-existing hypertension, new hypertension, new ischaemic heart disease and new congestive heart failure were more prevalent in non-Indigenous Australians, pre-existing ischaemic heart disease was more prevalent in Indigenous Australians.
While pre-existing physical deformities would not be reversed in a CdLS patient by the administration of an HDAC8 activator, the rescue of catalytic activity in a mutant enzyme could potentially attenuate the progression of development-related deformities and neurocognitive impairment in a patient diagnosed with an HDAC8 mutation.
While pre-existing frailty and cause of delirium are not readily modifiable risk factors, poor recognition by treating physicians early in the course of delirium may be, suggesting that a potential remedy for the poor outcomes associated with delirium may be within the grasp of attentive practitioners.
While pre-existing immunity can reduce the likelihood of clinical disease and mitigate illness, our findings suggest that the effects of T-cell immunity would be unlikely to be observed through only surveillance data collected for influenza-like illnesses or laboratory confirmed cases.
While individuals with pre-existing mental health issues were at particular risk, everyone was vulnerable.
We compared the mental health status of individuals using varenicline or bupropion to that of people quitting without medication, current smokers, and non-smokers while controlling for pre-existing conditions.
This method estimates changes in the level and trend for the outcome (i.e. antimicrobial use) after the intervention while controlling for pre-existing trends and temporal confounders.
Enhancement of the rudimentary new phenotype would then occur because of the steady divergence of the new template as it acquires new mutations, suggesting that the process depends, at least for a while, on a pre-existing pool of previously neutral mutations.
