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While instructor immediacy is likely not a term that many undergraduate biology instructors are familiar with, many no doubt either consciously or unconsciously engage in such behaviors.
While Instructor Talk may be a component of the larger concept of instructor immediacy, the nonconceptual language an instructor uses in the classroom may be particularly important for increasing student learning.
On average, Instructor A used an average of 28 (SE = 2.6) quotes per class session (n = 17 class sessions), while Instructor B used an average of 10 (SE = 0.7) quotes per class session (n = 8 class sessions), showing a significant difference in the overall quantity of Instructor Talk (p < 0.001).
Significant classroom variables were identified by comparing professors in a discussion class with professors in a lab class and GTAs in a discussion class to GTAs in a lab class, while instructor variables were identified by comparing professors in a discussion class with GTAs in a discussion class and professors in a lab class to GTAs in a lab class.
While Instructor 3-MAL used the "Cow Graphs" activity (Supplemental Material 2) in the classroom, an exercise that emphasizes carbon cycling at the ecosystem scale, she did not include an activity that specifically linked cellular respiration to mass change, an organismal-scale phenomenon, perhaps explaining her students' negative gain for this question.
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Students perform a set series of 26 postures while instructors deliver what is essentially a script.
While instructors are required to have a bachelor's degree, many do not have industry experience — something the government is working to change.
They say a large American-led NATO ground force is needed to clear Taliban-held territory and hold it while instructors train sufficient, competent Afghan soldiers and police officers to secure those areas.
In classes, the students learn to break language into individual sounds, forcing them to be aware of how each part of the mouth is positioned to make a particular bit, while instructors contort their faces and touch their tongues to drive home the point.
While instructors' perception of leadership matters, these studies do not provide insights into how and why such leadership practices are enacted in their departments.
Associate schools have slightly more instructors with Masters' degrees than doctoral degrees while instructors from the remaining institutional types nearly always have doctoral degrees [X 2 (12, N = 479) = 199, p < 0.01].
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