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To identify trends in outcome measures, we calculated changes in clinical parameters from baseline to follow-up, which was operationalized as the last measurement of each clinical outcome per patient registered during the second year of the research period.
Health status, which was operationalized in various ways (e.g. presence of unhealthy lifestyle factors or chronic disease and self-reported health) was in both positively and negatively related to participation in an equal way.
The 15/16 year olds recorded the highest future education they had considered, which was operationalized into: university higher (i.e. university or regional college higher degree); other (university or regional college intermediate level; upper secondary school; vocational education at upper secondary school; one year at upper secondary school; other plans) and not decided.
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The construct measured in the VET, as explained earlier, is the facility in spoken language which is operationalized in the VET through the six item types (see Table 1).
Van der Panne and Dolfsma (2003) used micro-data of Dutch firms which were operationalized in terms of the TH dimensions (Storper 1997): (1) postal codes which indicate the region, etc., in the geographic dimension; (2) technological classifications (NACE codes of the OECD);d and (3) firm sizes indicating the economic dynamics (e.g., small- and medium-sized enterprises versus large corporations).
Introduced originally to explain gender differences in achievement behavior, we verify the usefulness of fear of success (FS) in sport domain by using the emotionally-based definition of FS proposed by Metzler and Conroy (2007), which is operationalized as belief strengths regarding aversive successes that predispose individuals to appraise success as threatening.
The NARQ covers both Gross's scales Reappraisal and Suppression which were operationalized in a more behavior-related manner.
Spectrum assumes that all ARV is provided to HIV-infected people in need of such treatment, which is operationalized as a median of 3 years before estimated time of AIDS-related deaths[ 26].
The key independent variables are marital status (married = 1) and family economic situation (measured as the total income of other family members), which are operationalizing indicators of family patronage.
The cross-cultural validity of the PTGI-SF has been investigated and shown to be satisfactory, however, due to the individualistic culture in which this concept was operationalized, this measurement may not be equally applicable to a collectivistic culture, which many of our patients came from [ 152].
The third limitation relates to the design parameters of which agent enthusiasm was operationalized.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com