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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which was driven
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which was driven" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe something that was operated or caused to move by a specific force or mechanism, often in a past context. Example: "The car, which was driven by a skilled racer, won the championship."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Wiki
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Two hours later police saw a man running back to the vehicle which was driven off at speed.
News & Media
The bank's strength was reflected in the latest earnings report, which was driven by improvements in the lending business.
News & Media
The clerk had also noted the last three digits of the getaway car, which was driven by Whittler, the police said.
News & Media
In addition, Mr. Rodriguez had a lesser role in the murder, which was driven mainly by Mr. Quiñones's desire for revenge against the informant.
News & Media
Witness the enthusiasm for classical modernist abstraction in dance, which was driven initially by a cadre of dance critics deriving from the politically conservative Arlene Croce.
News & Media
Yukos versus Russia involved the compensation of five named shareholders in Mikhail Khodorkhovsky's former oil company, Yukos, which was driven to bankruptcy – allegedly by Russian tax policy.
News & Media
Their van, which was driven by Brother Zarzycki, flipped over and Brendan, who was not wearing a seat belt, was thrown out.
News & Media
The attacker had apparently waited in a white Mitsubishi Lancer, which was driven by an accomplice and later found abandoned on a nearby street.
News & Media
Her Civic Alliance Party said that a vehicle had smashed into the car in which she was riding, which was driven by her husband, who survived.
News & Media
In my teens I absorbed her shopping M.O., which was driven by a healthy mixture of practicality and the visceral rush of a good find.
News & Media
One such case involves Bear Stearns, which was driven to the edge of collapse after rumors about its financial stability led to huge withdrawals of funds.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "which was driven", ensure the context clearly identifies what is being driven, whether it's a vehicle, a process, or an idea. Clarity prevents ambiguity.
Common error
Avoid using "which was driven" in sentences where the subject driving the action is unclear or undefined. Ensure the sentence provides sufficient context to understand the cause and effect relationship.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which was driven" functions as a relative clause, adding descriptive information about a noun in the main clause. Ludwig examples show its usage in describing vehicles, decisions, and abstract concepts.
Frequent in
News & Media
40%
Science
35%
Wiki
15%
Less common in
Formal & Business
5%
Encyclopedias
3%
Reference
2%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "which was driven" functions as a relative clause, adding descriptive detail about a noun. It's commonly used across diverse fields, from News & Media to Science, indicating a neutral register suitable for various contexts. As Ludwig highlights, this phrase serves to provide additional context or explanation about a cause or operation. It is used to clarify the influences or forces behind an action or event. Understanding the scope and using "which was driven" with clear context ensures effective communication.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
that was operated
Focuses on the act of operating something, changing the emphasis from the driving force to the action.
that was propelled
Emphasizes the force moving something forward, suitable for contexts involving movement.
that was powered
Highlights the source of energy that enabled movement or operation.
that was actuated
Focuses on the mechanism that initiated the action.
which was motivated by
Shifts the focus to the underlying cause or reason behind an action.
which was caused by
Directly indicates the cause of a specific event or condition.
that stemmed from
Suggests that something originated or derived from a particular source or cause.
which resulted from
Highlights the outcome or consequence of a specific action or event.
that originated in
Focuses on the place or time where something began or started.
that was conducted by
Indicates who or what carried out a particular action or task.
FAQs
How can I use "which was driven" in a sentence?
Use "which was driven" to add descriptive detail about the cause or operation behind a specific noun. For instance, "The decision, which was driven by market analysis, proved successful."
What are some alternatives to "which was driven"?
Alternatives include "that was operated", "that was propelled", or "that was caused by", depending on the specific meaning you want to convey.
Is there a difference between "that was driven" and "which was driven"?
"Which was driven" introduces non-essential, additional information. "That was driven" introduces essential information. Use "which" with a comma and "that" without. For example, "The car, which was driven by my brother, is blue" versus "The car that was driven in the race won."
Can "which was driven" refer to abstract concepts?
Yes, "which was driven" can refer to abstract concepts like ideas, decisions, or changes. For example, "The reform, which was driven by public demand, brought significant improvements."
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested