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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which propose
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which propose" is not correct in standard written English as it lacks a clear subject and context.
It can be used when referring to a specific subject that is proposing something, but it needs to be part of a complete sentence for clarity. Example: "The committee, which propose new policies, will meet next week."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Encyclopedias
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Updated at 9.52pm GMT 9.46pm GMT There's a mystery attached to some of these recommendations, which propose bans on activity the NSA does not engage in.
News & Media
Above this level the most important bodies are constituency associations, which propose candidates on the basis of a nationally approved list.
Encyclopedias
Alternative models, which propose that critically short telomeres are primarily responsible for triggering senescence and serving as substrates for recombination, are considered later in this review.
Science & Research
The same phenomenon is addressed by efficiency wage theories, which propose that the higher-paid occupants of a job grade are also achieving above-average productivity.
Encyclopedias
Julia Park, an architect and housing design expert, said the Barnet House plans – which propose 20 apartments per floor accessed off from a single corridor – were overcrowded even for single people.
News & Media
Peer reviewed competing applications: Pending issuance of new Guidelines, any applications previously submitted to the NIH and already reviewed, which propose to use human embryonic stem cells, will be held for funding decisions until the final Guidelines are issued.
Over the past decade, a high number of Robotics Software Frameworks (RSFs) have appeared which propose some solutions to the most recurrent problems in robotics.
Glabridin is an originally natural substrate with multiple biological activities which propose it as a novel anticancer, antimicrobial and antifungal agent.
Unlike previous work in the literature, which propose approximations for the nonlinear constraints, we present an exact solution methodology using logic-based Benders decomposition.
Science
Its track listing resembles what you might hear from Mr. Dybdahl in concert: the first three songs from his fine 2002 debut and later highlights like "Cecilia" and "Don't Lose Yourself," which propose a haunted and bittersweet reassurance.
News & Media
"He will not participate in any hearings conducted in his committee, the Banking Committee, which propose to be backward looking to inquire into in effect with what went wrong with Enron or assess blame," said Larry Neal, Mr. Gramm's press secretary.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using relative clauses, ensure that the verb form agrees with the antecedent. Instead of "which propose", consider using "that suggests" or "which suggests" to maintain grammatical accuracy.
Common error
Avoid using "which propose" without ensuring that the subject it refers to is plural. If the subject is singular, use "which proposes" or, better yet, rephrase the sentence for clarity and grammatical correctness.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase primarily functions as a relative clause, modifying a noun and introducing additional information. Ludwig AI highlights instances where this construction appears, sometimes incorrectly, in diverse contexts.
Frequent in
Science
44%
News & Media
35%
Encyclopedias
5%
Less common in
Wiki
2%
Formal & Business
0%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, while the phrase "which propose" is frequently encountered, especially in science and news contexts, Ludwig AI flags it as grammatically questionable. It often suffers from subject-verb disagreement and can be improved by using alternatives like "that suggest" or "which suggests". For clarity and precision, particularly in formal writing, consider rephrasing sentences to avoid this potentially ambiguous construction. Utilizing alternatives and ensuring subject-verb agreement will enhance the correctness and readability of your writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
that suggest
Changes the relative pronoun to "that" and uses the verb "suggest" for a more direct indication.
that recommend
Replaces "propose" with "recommend" to emphasize endorsement or advisement.
which suggest
Replaces "propose" with "suggest" to offer a more subtle indication or possibility.
that offer
Substitutes "propose" with "offer" to highlight presentation or availability.
which offer
Swaps "propose" for "offer" to show a presentation or provision of something.
that present
Replaces "propose" with "present" to showcase a formal introduction or display.
which present
Utilizes "present" instead of "propose" for a more formal introduction.
that recommend the adoption of
Adds specificity by including "recommend the adoption of" to indicate a more concrete endorsement.
which put forward
Replaces "propose" with the phrasal verb "put forward" to indicate presenting something for consideration.
that advocate
Uses "advocate" instead of "propose" to emphasize active support or promotion.
FAQs
What are some alternatives to "which propose"?
You can use alternatives like "that suggest", "which suggest", or "that recommend" depending on the context.
How can I ensure correct subject-verb agreement when using relative clauses?
Make sure the verb in the relative clause agrees with the noun it refers to. For example, if referring to a singular noun, use "which proposes"; if plural, consider rephrasing for clarity.
Is "which propose" grammatically correct?
The phrase "which propose" is not strictly correct as it often lacks clear subject-verb agreement. It's better to use "which suggests" or "that propose" for accuracy.
In what contexts is "which propose" most frequently used?
While present in various contexts, "which propose" appears frequently in scientific and news-related content. However, using more grammatically precise alternatives enhances clarity.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested