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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which is defined by
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which is defined by" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when you are introducing a definition. For example, "Love is a complex emotion, which is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as an intense feeling of deep affection."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
The dancer, on the other hand, has an aesthetic goal, which is defined by technique, line and expression.
News & Media
"Mr. Ahmadinejad's views come from a religion which is defined by its clerics, but they believe that he is not a religious authority to make such remarks".
News & Media
And so they create a personality for you which is defined by the way they act you out".
News & Media
The Islamic world has an opportunity to educate itself in Islam as a discourse of liberty, which is defined by principles of human dignity and human rights.
News & Media
You just want to get back to him and find out more about his life, which is defined by many different kinds of absence.
News & Media
And so, in tribute, he started writing Twitter messages in West's voice, which is defined by a singular blend of ingenuousness and bravado.
News & Media
Let, which is defined by (16).
where is the entropy measure which is defined by (10).
and let be the function which is defined by (2.36).
for is the cylinder transformation, which is defined by (2.7).
Science
which is defined by Yao et al. [13].
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "which is defined by" to introduce a formal or technical definition, ensuring clarity and precision in your writing.
Common error
While grammatically sound, using "which is defined by" in casual writing can sound overly formal. Opt for simpler alternatives like "meaning" or "is" for a more natural tone.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which is defined by" functions as a relative clause introducing a definition. As Ludwig AI points out, this construction is grammatically correct and frequently appears in written English to provide clarity and precision. This phrase is most often used to provide essential information about a noun.
Frequent in
Science
62%
News & Media
36%
Formal & Business
2%
Less common in
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "which is defined by" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase, particularly in formal and scientific contexts. As Ludwig AI confirms, it serves to introduce a definition or explanation clearly and precisely. While versatile, it's best to reserve this phrase for situations where a formal tone is appropriate, opting for simpler alternatives in casual settings. Remember to use it correctly to enhance clarity and precision in your writing. Some authoritative sources that frequently employ this expression are the "Journal of Inequalities and Applications", "Boundary Value Problems" and "Advances in Difference Equations".
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
that is defined by
A more direct and formal way to introduce a definition.
which is characterized by
Focuses on the key attributes or features that distinguish something.
that one defines by
This alternative changes the emphasis from a universally accepted definition to a personal or specified definition, implying subjectivity or contextual variance.
which is determined by
Highlights the factors or conditions that influence or control something.
which is marked by
Emphasizes distinctive features or signs.
that is specified by
Emphasizes the precise and detailed nature of the definition.
that is explained by
Suggests that the definition involves a process of clarification or interpretation.
which is constituted by
Indicates the elements or components that make up something.
which is delineated by
Focuses on the boundaries or limits that define something.
which is known as
Highlights the common or accepted name or term for something.
FAQs
How can I use "which is defined by" in a sentence?
Use "which is defined by" to introduce a formal or technical definition within a clause. For example, "Photosynthesis, which is defined by the process of converting light into chemical energy, is essential for plant life."
What are some alternatives to "which is defined by"?
Alternatives include phrases like "that is defined by", "which is characterized by", or simply using "meaning" or "is" depending on the context.
Is it correct to say "that is defined by" instead of "which is defined by"?
Both "which is defined by" and "that is defined by" are grammatically correct. "Which" introduces non-restrictive clauses, while "that" introduces restrictive clauses that are essential to the sentence's meaning.
What's the difference between "which is defined by" and "which is characterized by"?
"Which is defined by" typically introduces a formal definition, while "which is characterized by" highlights the key attributes or features of something. The former is more about stating what something is, while the latter is about describing its qualities.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested