To estimate the score variance, the authors propose to use an empirical estimate, which is a Huber-White variance estimator [ Huber, 1967.
All analyses were bootstrapped, which is a method of variance estimation that takes into account the complex sampling design of the survey [ 43, 44].
Although the average fiber area did not differ between wild type and transgenic mice (719.7±10.9 µm2, n = 1251 fibers for wild type versus 707.7±11.7 µm2, n = 1719 fibers for Myo-CELFΔ-370, P = 0.22), the variance, which is a measure of the variability of the data, was significantly different (P<0.0001).
Experimental designs for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments can be characterized by their estimation efficiency, which is a measure of the variance in the estimate of the hemodynamic response function (HRF), and their detection power, which is a measure of the variance in the estimate of the amplitude of functional activity.
Note that the Wiener phase noise spectrum becomes unbounded at, which is a consequence of the variance increasing linearly with time.
This is the equivalent in linear regression of the coefficient of determination, R, which is a measure of the variance in the data explained by the linear regression model.
For example, the high temporal resolution (100 Hz or higher) of fOT methods prevents aliasing of higher frequency cardiac or respiratory activity, which is a significant component of variance in spontaneous BOLD signals of fMRI [ 16– 16].
Population structure is implemented as variance in infection frequency between mating groups, which is a fraction of the total variance in infection frequency p 1- p).
Correlations are based on the covariance between two variables, which is a function of the variances of the two variables.
These combined trials are often analyzed within a Bayesian context using shrinkage estimators that combine individual and group mean treatment effects to create a "posterior" individual mean treatment effect estimate which is a form of inverse variance-weighted average of the individual and group effects.
