But Russia and especially China — which has major oil interests in Sudan — have shamefully enabled him.
They also apply universally – to all countries rich and poor - which has major implications.
Skybet, which has major sponsorships at Cheltenham, Doncaster and York, currently pays nothing to racing from its offshore profits.
Robert Gould, a spokesman for the CSX Corporation, which has major railroad operations here, said, "We haven't seen any impact on our operations".
Mr. Steinberg, who was widely known as Mike, was chairman and co-founder of Enterprise Asset Management, which has major real state holdings in New York and California.
The term "national institutions" is a reference to the oil industry, which has major facilities in some of the holdout areas.
Gordon M. Bethune, the chairman of Continental, which has major operations in Houston and Newark, said the airline was losing $30 million a day and predicted that industry layoffs would total 100,000 in the coming days.
"But in a country like Brazil, which has major budget constraints and a serious problem with public security, you have to understand that intellectual property crimes have to be weighed against other issues that are more urgent," he added.
China — which has major oil interests in Sudan and has shamelessly increased arms sales to the regime — has used its veto power to block stronger penalties, enabling even more brutality.
Since then, the company has raised about $40m from venture capitalists and from DuPont, which has major investments in biofuels, including a cellulosic ethanol plant under construction in Iowa.
The British bank HSBC, which has major operations in the fast-growing emerging markets in Asia, fared better than many of its European competitors after Moody's cut its credit rating by only one notch.
