Thin hydrogel films attached to a rigid substrate can only swell along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, which generates compressive stress within the gel.
The maximum separation between subcarriers carrying frequency samples precoded together is max p, M - p) and is thus controlled by the parameter p. Distant subcarriers might experience different or even uncorrelated channel realizations, which generates some interference within the Alamouti-precoded pair.
Importantly, impaired calcium regulation, endothelial dysfunction, and the reperfusion period after IDH, which generates free radicals within myocardium, all contribute to this phenomenon [ 50].
The irreversible lamellar-to-micellar transition observed with BD2-containing liposomes can possibly be attributed to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the acetal cross-linker, which generates two detergent monomers within the bilayer.
Previously we have shown that the mechanism which generates the auxin gradient within the distal root of Arabidopsis thaliana differs from earlier studied morphogen-gradient generating mechanisms [ 53].
The distinct separation of tissue is accompanied by a strong local variation in refractive index across the tumour and adherent parenchyma, which generates a high contrast within the phase signal.
The task to design the dimensions of cylindrical superconducting coil, which generates the maximum central field within a constant overall conductor length, represents mathematically the problem to find for a solution of the constrained extremum of a function.
Our method builds upon two recently developed approaches that extend density-based topology optimization: A coating approach to obtain an optimized shell that is filled uniformly with a prescribed porous base material, and an infill approach which generates optimized, non-uniform infill within a prescribed shell.
These observations are at least partially explained by a Bayesian relaxed molecular dating approach which generates estimates of divergence times within Euarchontoglires that are compatible with fossil and biogeographical data and suggest that a rapid evolutionary radiation within Glires occurred around 60 million years ago.
Notably, the older and younger beta-cells occupy different regions within the islet, which generates topological asymmetries in glucose responsiveness and proliferation.
