which data has

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "which data has" is not correct in standard written English.
It is typically used when referring to specific data that possesses certain characteristics or attributes. Example: "The report outlines which data has been collected for the analysis."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

Science

News & Media

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

16 human-written examples

It is about understanding which data has to be secure and which can be open to others".

The Guardian

And there was a suggestion that a new, transparent system, will be harder to operate than PAYE in which data has been fed in and processed without close checking, something which has often suited the employer and employee.

The Guardian

To comprehend the scale of this innovation, it is necessary to understand the extent to which data has until now been held in silos, available to only one authority.

The Guardian - Books

In fact, if anything the percentage of clergymen working is surprisingly low, as only one in two reported that they were working on Christmas day in 2012, the last year for which data has been made available.

The Guardian

The total rose about 7 percent for the first three quarters of last year, the most recent period for which data has been reported by the Transportation Department's Bureau of Transportation Statistics.

The New York Times

Among those it is also the only for which data has been systematically collected for the time period under investigation.

Comparative Migration Studies

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

43 human-written examples

The national average in 2003, the last year for which data have been compiled, was 6.9.

The New York Times - Health

But they struggle to agree on the main question: which data have value?Tom Steinberg, a British pioneer of data use, believes that what is valuable is what the market already pays for.

The Economist

After flirting with the 10 percent mark in 2006, it cooled to an annual rate of 5.3 percent in the third quarter of 2012, the most recent period for which data have been released.

The New York Times

Therefore the biobank cannot provide information as to which data have actually been collected.

Life Sciences, Society and Policy

Therefore the biobank cannot provide information as to which data have actually been collected.  .

Life Sciences, Society and Policy

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When referring to data, ensure the verb agreement is accurate; "data" is often treated as plural in formal contexts, thus requiring "have" instead of "has".

Common error

Avoid using "has" with "data" when referring to a collection of information; instead, use "have" to maintain grammatical correctness, especially in formal writing.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "which data has" functions as a relative clause, often introducing a question about the characteristics or contents of specific data. As Ludwig AI points out, this phrase is grammatically questionable. The examples show its use in various contexts, but it's important to consider more precise alternatives.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

63%

News & Media

25%

Formal & Business

12%

Less common in

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "which data has" functions as a relative clause but often presents grammatical issues. While frequently used across various sources like Science, News & Media, and Formal & Business contexts, it's generally considered incorrect in formal writing. As Ludwig AI indicates, opting for alternatives such as "what data includes" or "what data is available" ensures greater grammatical accuracy and clarity. The expert rating reflects the common usage versus the grammatical correctness, advising a more careful selection of words in formal contexts.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

what data includes

Replaces "which" with "what" for a more direct inquiry about the data's contents.

what information contains

Substitutes "data" with "information" and uses "contains" to inquire about the content.

what the data comprises

Uses "comprises" to ask about the components of the data.

what data is available

Focuses on the availability of the data rather than its inherent qualities.

the extent to which data is present

Emphasizes the degree of data's existence or availability.

what are the data characteristics

Focuses on data qualities instead of data content

the data's composition

Changes focus to ask about the makeup of the data.

data contents

Shortens the phrase to a noun phrase referring to the data's contents.

the nature of the data

Focuses on the data's qualities, characteristics, or essence.

details of the data

Asks for specific details or particulars about the data.

FAQs

How can I rephrase "which data has" to be grammatically correct?

You can use phrases like "what data includes", "what data is available", or "the extent to which "data is present"". These alternatives offer clarity and adhere to standard English grammar.

Is it always wrong to use "which data has"?

While commonly found, especially in technical contexts, "which data has" is often grammatically incorrect. In formal writing, it's better to opt for phrases like "which data "have been"" or alternative constructions for greater clarity and adherence to grammar rules.

What is a better alternative to "which data has" for formal writing?

For formal writing, it's advisable to use "which data "have been"" or to rephrase the sentence entirely for clarity. Options include "what data includes" or "the data's composition".

How does context affect the choice between "which data has" and more grammatically correct alternatives?

In less formal contexts, "which data has" may be acceptable due to its prevalence. However, in professional or academic settings, using grammatically correct alternatives such as "what data includes" or "which data "have been"" is preferable to maintain credibility and clarity.