In hamsters and mice, metabolic cages were used for urine collection, a method in which cross-contamination by feces may actually occur.
In both cases we also observed traces of either the phosphorylated or the non-phosphorylated forms which was most likely due to cross contamination during the excision of the bands.
Precision of kinetic turbidity readings is limited by spilling, cross contamination, and evaporation, which hinders miniaturization and automation of liquid culture-based HTCP.
Due to the low cost of the material (approximately $2 per chip) and the fast fabrication time (about 15 min hands on time per chip, excluding the wafer fabrication) the use of a new chip for every experiment is feasible, which eliminates cross contamination and the need for time-consuming cleaning.
A product that claims to be gluten free may have been manufactured on equipment that also produces bread that contains gluten, which might cause cross contamination.
The application of commercial kit and instrument for the LAMP assay could reduce the risk of cross contamination, which is suitable for detection of infection under field conditions.
The device is a full-frame CCD but is usually operated in pseudo frame transfer mode in order to reduce smearing effects at short integration times (which can result in cross contamination of the spectral orders).
"Some inns offer gluten-free options, but because there is gluten in their kitchens there is always the risk of cross contamination, which for celiac sufferers can be very dangerous," reveals Karen.
Sampling was done in a manner which ensure that no cross contamination can occur between rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere samples.
None of the control wells containing only media showed any increase in OD, which would have indicated cross contamination.
We also developed protocols for the high-throughput purpose that use specially designed substrates to hold a large number of resins (as many as 10,000), which avoids cross-contamination among components.
