Building on the resource-based theory, O'Shea et al. (2005), Colombo et al. (2010) and Powers and McDougall (2005b) established that the quality of researcher and research has significant effect on spin-off formation and performance, which were commercialisation output indicators used to estimate public research economic impact.
Promising results have been obtained, with 97 % oil conversion achieved at 75 °C [108], however, concern remains over Ca2+ leaching under reaction conditions and associated homogeneous catalytic contributions [109], a common problem encountered in metal catalysed biodiesel production which hampers commercialisation [110].
There were also a limited number of cases where commercial dissemination of specific measurement tools or products had occurred; one case of significant commercialisation which allowed substantial practice impacts to flow had been supported by the university commercialisation unit and formed part of an existing set of related intervention resources and an accredited training programme (1: S; P; I).
The first phase was confrontation, the second collaboration and the third commercialisation, which is the phase that will get us all out there.
Indeed, one of the ironies of Microsoft's demonstration of Windows 7 was that it was carried out using a screen made by Elo TouchSystems, which pioneered the commercialisation of touch screens in the 1970s.
R&D staff aspire to perfection in each of their innovations, which delays the commercialisation process.
Several types of discoloration can develop in the heads of chicory (Cichorium intybus L). during postharvest storage and commercialisation, which considerably reduces their market value.
Rob Hastings, director of energy and infrastructure at the Crown Estate said: "By providing these additional seabed rights we are pleased to be enabling further technology development and commercialisation, which will be critical if the UK is to unlock its significant natural resources for wave and tidal current energy.
So, we need to underline the close relationship between the processes of gentrification and commercialisation, which take place in central areas of the city or in the regeneration of ex-industrial areas, and the pedestrianisation of some roads, the presence of security cameras, the creation of an urban setting that encourages people to spend time outside.
In order to encourage commercial skill development and improvement across all universities engaged in commercialisation, the sector has set up, an educational not-for-profit organisation, Praxis Unico which supports innovation and commercialisation in the public sector by the sharing between organisations of good practice.
