Sentence examples for which carcinogens from inspiring English sources

The two primary mechanisms by which carcinogens initiate the formation of such tumours is via alterations in DNA that encourage cell division and that prevent cells from being able to self-destruct when stimulated by normal triggers, such as DNA damage or cellular injury (a process known as apoptosis).

In addition to changes in the science, the milieu in which carcinogens are identified is changing rapidly.

This is to be expected given the variety of mechanisms by which carcinogens can cause tumors to form or grow (Guyton et al. 2009).

DNA adducts, however, reflect only recent exposure to carcinogens; in contrast, genetic testing for metabolic capacity indicates the extent to which carcinogens can be activated and exert genotoxic effects.

The age at which carcinogens are inhaled has an appreciable effect on total toxicity, and the U.S. EPA has developed ADAFs to calculate cancer health impact as a function of exposure age (U.S. EPA 2005).

Mutation measurements are complicated by a process called 'field cancerisation', by which carcinogen exposure of a larger field of cells (e.g. oral or bronchial epithelium) leads to groups of related, but histologically normal, cells that spread to cover a large epithelial surface (Slaughter et al, 1953).

However, such lists have been limited by unclear criteria for which recognized carcinogens should be considered occupational carcinogens, and by inconsistent and incomplete information on the occupations and industries in which the carcinogenic substances may be found and on their target sites of cancer.

There are no metabolic pathways by which protein-carcinogen or DNA-carcinogen adducts could reform carcinogens.

The ACB is a mechanistic initiation/promotion chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity study designed to assess potential carcinogenic activity of a test substance in critical organs in which human carcinogens are active.

Chemical mutagens are so commonly carcinogenic that versions of the Ames test represent the gold standard by which most carcinogens are found.

Most fake trees also contain polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, which produces carcinogens during manufacturing and disposal.