Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
which assert that
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "which assert that" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when introducing a clause that provides information or claims made by a subject, often in academic or formal writing. Example: "The studies reviewed in this paper, which assert that climate change is accelerating, highlight the urgent need for action."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(1)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
22 human-written examples
This holds especially true for monotheistic religions, which assert that they are in possession of unique knowledge about God.
News & Media
There are newspaper articles and interviews, which assert that Twain's life "is an additional reason why the American people should feel grateful".
News & Media
[Theme:] Myth of Meritocracy Statements which assert that race or gender does not play a role in life successes, for example in issues like faculty demographics.
News & Media
These findings support many other studies which assert that effective L2 readers, like their native counterparts, are aware of a multitude of metacognitive reading strategies available for use and these strategies will eventually helped them to become skilled readers.
These include the recent recommendation of 'FAIR Data Principles', which assert that if data is to have broad scientific value, then digital representations of that data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR).
Science
It has been far more common for mainstream marketers to listen to groups on the right like the American Family Association, which assert that they represent millions of consumers, than to those representing gays, a smaller segment.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
38 human-written examples
The neurally motivated model and results have led to new insights on the nature of inference, called the "simulation semantics" hypothesis, which asserts that understanding is imaginative simulation.
The circumplex model of affect is the dominant model for emotions which asserts that emotions are governed by two underlying variables: valence and arousal[16, 17].
Moreover, Gödel's second incompleteness theorem implies that the formal (arithmetical) statement $CON ZFC $, which asserts that ZFC is consistent, while true, cannot be proved in ZFC.
Science
Their actions have a name: it is called leadership and more specifically, relational leadership which asserts that constructive relationships are our single-most valuable possession and highest priority.
News & Media
We adopted a constructionist epistemology during this research, which asserts that people construct knowledge through their interactions with one another and the world.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "which assert that", ensure the "which" refers clearly to the noun it modifies to avoid ambiguity. For example: "Theories, which assert that X causes Y, often fail to account for Z."
Common error
Avoid using "that assert that" instead of "which assert that" when introducing a nonrestrictive clause (a clause that adds extra information but isn't essential to the sentence's meaning). "Which" is appropriate here, while "that" is used for restrictive clauses.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "which assert that" functions as a relative clause introducing a statement or claim associated with the noun it modifies. As Ludwig AI indicates, it connects a subject to an assertion, often in formal writing.
Frequent in
Science
32%
News & Media
32%
Academia
12%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
8%
Wiki
4%
Formal & Business
4%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "which assert that" is a grammatically sound and commonly used construction, particularly in formal writing. Ludwig AI confirms its appropriateness for introducing nonrestrictive clauses that detail a claim or assertion related to a subject. It's frequently found in scientific, news media, and academic contexts. Remember to use "which" (not "that") for nonrestrictive clauses and ensure clear reference to the modified noun. Alternative phrases like "that claim that" and "that argue that" can provide stylistic variation.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
that claim that
Replaces "which assert" with a more direct verb phrase.
that argue that
Substitutes "assert" with "argue", implying a reasoned case is being made.
that maintain that
Uses "maintain" instead of "assert", suggesting a sustained position.
that contend that
Employs "contend", indicating a position taken in a debate or discussion.
that state that
Replaces "assert" with a more neutral verb, "state".
that posit that
Uses "posit", implying a suggestion or assumption.
that suggest that
Replaces "assert" with "suggest", indicating a less forceful claim.
that indicate that
Uses "indicate" to show the claim is a sign or signal.
that hold that
Replaces "assert" with "hold", suggesting a belief or opinion.
that claim to
Expresses a claim or pretense, changing the structure from 'that' to 'to'.
FAQs
How can I use "which assert that" in a sentence?
Use "which assert that" to introduce a nonrestrictive clause that provides a claim or assertion made by the noun it modifies. For example: "The studies reviewed in this paper, which assert that climate change is accelerating, highlight the urgent need for action."
What are some alternatives to saying "which assert that"?
You can use alternatives like "that claim that", "that argue that", or "that maintain that" depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Is it better to use "that assert that" or "which assert that"?
"Which assert that" is typically used for nonrestrictive clauses (adding extra information), while "that assert that" is incorrect in this context. Use "which" when the information is not essential to understanding the sentence's core meaning.
What's the difference between "which assert that" and "that state that"?
"Which assert that" is used in nonrestrictive clauses to add additional commentary, while "that state that" might be used in restrictive clauses that are essential to defining the subject. However, in many cases, "that state that" is better replaced by other alternatives that clarify the subject and verb agreement.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested