Using Loewe additivity, the concentration of two inhibitors (A and B) which alone results in X% inhibition of the target ([I A]X%, [I B]X%) can be used to calculate the theoretical concentrations of each inhibitor needed to achieve the same X% inhibition when combined ([C A]X%, [C B]X%).
Counting the respiratory rate or sending the patient out to be weighed, however, require somewhat more effort which alone might result in a failure of documentation.
An exception to this was OPM2 cells, in which doxorubicin alone resulted in 54.7% positive TUNEL staining.
Crossbreeding heterozygous Cd2ap knockout mice with mice heterozygous (knockout) for synaptopodin or Fyn, which alone did not result in clinical kidney pathology, resulted in spontaneous proteinuria and FSGS-like glomerular damage supporting a role for CD2AP haploinsufficiency [ 60].
However, in both cases the RT step remains which alone can still result in erroneous high frequency variants, although only at relatively few genome positions.
This was also apparent in the absence of adjuvant, in which immunization with mBSA alone resulted in low but significant antigen-specific production of total IgG and IgG1, which was not increased in the presence of 1,000 U IFN-α (see Additional file 1: Figure S1).
In addition, accelerated bone turnover has in both traumatic and estrogen deficiency models (ovariectomy (OVX)) been shown to augment articular cartilage erosion [ 7, 11, 12, 44, 45], in which increased bone resorption alone results in increased articular cartilage damage [ 10, 37, 46].
The current gold standard staging tool is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which can be used to accurately predict those with 'good prognosis' tumours which may be managed with surgery alone resulting in local recurrence rates of just 3%% [ 63].
The most important type of resource is training, which alone gives nearly as good results as the union of all types of resources.
Genome-wide association studies targeting common variants which, alone, influence susceptibility have produced mixed results [ 1- 5].
