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Despite these early findings, it remains unclear whether release of α-Syn is associated with its pathogenicity or whether it arises from a specific secretory pathway.
He believes that trust-destroying trauma has a single biology and a single psychology, whether it arises from political torture, prostitution, domestic violence or combat.
As Fig. 4 shows, wave activity, whether it arises from above or below, can have significant effects on the atmospheric temperature, with variations of tens of degrees at mesospheric altitudes displaying wave-like structure (Nakamura et al. 1993; Lübken et al. 2009).
I want to see my daughters educated to such a level that they will be able to defend their rights and resist oppression, whether it arises from their family, the society, or the government.
Secondly, it is yet unknown whether global RNFL reduction (apart from RNFL changes due to ON) really exists in all MS patients, and if so, when RNFL reduction may occur and whether it arises from continuously ongoing or relapsing (remitting) axonal changes.
Now that we established that, at least in the carpenter ant C. aethiops, asymmetry in generalisation follows an inclusion criterion, the question remains about whether it arises from the perception or action component of communication.
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It would be premature to decide whether it arose from the spontaneous combustion of a hitherto unobserved philosophic luminary, or was due to a collision of academic wits.
But whether it arose from religious belief, from a noblesse oblige or from a sense of solidarity, duty in Britain has been, to most people, the foundation of rights rather than their consequence.
Since the ball at this stage was 55 overs old (ie two-thirds of the way through its life span), and had been repeatedly knocked around the ground and into the stands, this inference was unjustifiable, and raises the question of whether it arose from previously held suspicions of the Pakistani team.
But, then, as always happens when I have such an impulse, I became unsure whether it arose from a sincere desire to share, as a fellow-fan of Hoffman's work, my sense of disturbance and loss or from another, cheaper kind of desire: the desire to be the one to break the news, as though this were just another piece of gossip, a scandalous thing to have happened to a famous man.
Whether or not it arises from character displacement, the branching of life highlighted by Darwin and subsequent evolutionary biologists contradicts the notion of universal progression.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com