The reason for this is twofold: (a) the framework provides a standardized approach whereby comparisons can be made systematically and (b) may be used even in the absence of formally rigorous statistical criteria, i.e. even if only ad hoc decision rules are available and is therefore not restricted to methods with theoretically well-established detection criteria.
Following this initial analysis, the process of axial coding was undertaken, whereby comparisons were drawn amongst the emerging themes.
Bias due to non-response was examined using data from Agincourt HDSS whereby comparisons between participants and non-participants were made using chi-square test and t-test.
Quality assurance: The managed process whereby the comparison of care against predetermined standards is guaranteed to lead to action to implement changes, and ensuring that these have produced the desired improvements.
Finally, various aspects of the considered problem and accuracy of the proposed approach are discussed and demonstrated on example of the thin-walled box-girder, whereby detailed comparison of the results obtained by the proposed approach and nonlinear finite element method analyses is given.
Rather than using percentiles for the wealth index, quintiles were used for easy comparison, whereby individuals were grouped into five equal groups based on their scores.
The country comparisons reveal significant differences between the countries regarding the participants' ratings of the importance of the different contributing factors (p < .001), whereby the multiple comparison analyses reveal least differences between the participants in the countries regarding the value of the course contents and the participant participant relations (Table 5).
The rapidly increasing proportion of unique phyletic patterns calls for a more coarse-grained comparison whereby non-identical but similar patterns are treated as members of the same group.
Transcript data and field notes were organised with aid of Atlas.ti and the data were analysed thematically using some of the techniques of a grounded theory approach including constant comparison whereby we compared the data across cases to elicit common key themes and unusual cases [ 30].
Reviewer response: In lumping patterns together, I was referring to the sentence in the text where you say "The rapidly increasing proportion of unique phyletic patterns calls for a more coarse-grained comparison whereby non-identical but similar patterns are treated as members of the same group".
